Troubleshooting a 'bytes-like object required' error in Python Discord bot

Other Questions Discord bot
1

I’m having trouble with my Python Discord bot. It keeps giving me a weird error about needing a bytes-like object instead of a tuple. Here’s what I’m seeing:

import urllib.request
import discord

client = discord.Client()

@client.event
async def on_message(message):
    if message.author != client.user:
        content = f'[{message.timestamp:%H:%M}] {message.author}: {message.content}'
        data = {
            'device_id': 12345,
            'from_number': '+1234567890',
            'message': content
        }
        
        try:
            req = urllib.request.Request('https://api.example.com/send', data=data)
            response = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read()
        except Exception as e:
            print(f'Error: {e}')

client.run('YOUR_TOKEN_HERE')

When I run this, I get an error saying “TypeError: memoryview: a bytes-like object is required, not ‘tuple’”. I’ve tried tweaking parts of my code but nothing seems to fix the error. Can someone help clarify what might be causing this issue? I’m using both the Discord API and another service’s API for sending messages.

2

hey there, i’ve had this issue b4. the problem is that urllib.request.Request needs bytes, not a dict. try this:

import json
data_json = json.dumps(data).encode(‘utf-8’)
req = urllib.request.Request(‘https://api.example.com/send’, data=data_json, headers={‘Content-Type’: ‘application/json’})

that should fix it. lmk if u need more help!

3

The error you’re encountering is due to the way you’re passing data to the Request object. urllib.request.Request expects bytes-like input for the ‘data’ parameter, not a dictionary.

To resolve this, you need to properly encode your data. Depending on what format your API expects, you have two main options:

For form data:
data_encoded = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode(‘utf-8’)

For JSON:
data_json = json.dumps(data).encode(‘utf-8’)

Then, use the encoded data in your request:

req = urllib.request.Request(‘https://api.example.com/send’, data=data_encoded)

or

req = urllib.request.Request(‘https://api.example.com/send’, data=data_json, headers={‘Content-Type’: ‘application/json’})

This should resolve the ‘bytes-like object required’ error. Make sure to import the necessary modules (urllib.parse or json) at the top of your script.

4

I ran into a similar issue with my Discord bot recently. The problem is likely in how you’re passing the ‘data’ to the Request object. urllib.request.Request expects the data to be bytes, not a dictionary.

Try encoding your data like this:

import json
import urllib.parse

data_encoded = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode('utf-8')
req = urllib.request.Request('https://api.example.com/send', data=data_encoded)

This should convert your dictionary to a properly encoded byte string that Request can handle. Also, make sure your API endpoint actually accepts form data. If it’s expecting JSON, you might need to use json.dumps(data).encode(‘utf-8’) instead.

Hope this helps! Let me know if you’re still having issues after trying this.